London, UK – July 29, 2025 – 

As deadly clashes continue to plague the border between Thailand and Cambodia, China has publicly affirmed its commitment to playing a “constructive role” in resolving the long-standing dispute. Beijing’s engagement underscores its growing diplomatic presence in Southeast Asia and its interest in regional stability.

The renewed conflict, rooted in colonial-era border demarcations and exacerbated by territorial claims around ancient temples, has seen an alarming escalation in recent days. Both sides have accused each other of initiating hostilities, with reports of artillery fire, airstrikes, and significant casualties and displacement on both sides of the contested frontier.

While Malaysia, as the current chair of ASEAN, has taken the lead in mediating a ceasefire – which was reportedly agreed upon effective midnight July 28 – and the United States has also been actively engaged in urging de-escalation, China has quietly positioned itself as a key facilitator of peace.

Beijing’s “Fair and Impartial” Stance

A statement from the Chinese Foreign Ministry on July 27 expressed deep sadness over the casualties and extended “sincere sympathy” to both nations. The Ministry emphasised that China would “maintain its fair and impartial position and continue having close communication with both sides, actively facilitate talks for peace and play a constructive role for a ceasefire.”

This nuanced approach reflects China’s long-standing diplomatic strategy in Southeast Asia. Unlike some Western powers that might adopt a more overt, even interventionist, stance, Beijing consistently stresses neutrality, non-interference, and the importance of bilateral dialogue and regional frameworks like ASEAN for resolving disputes. China maintains deep economic and political ties with both Thailand and Cambodia, making it a credible, albeit strategically motivated, interlocutor. Cambodia, in particular, is a close ally of China, having received significant Chinese investment in infrastructure and development projects.

Presence at Ceasefire Talks

China’s involvement extended beyond diplomatic statements. Reports from the ceasefire talks held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, on July 28 confirmed the presence of both US and Chinese ambassadors. This direct presence at the negotiating table, even in an observer capacity, highlights Beijing’s commitment to the de-escalation efforts.

A Strategic Role in Regional Stability

For China, a stable and peaceful Southeast Asia is crucial for its economic and strategic interests. Unresolved conflicts among ASEAN members can create instability, potentially inviting external interference and disrupting vital trade routes. By offering to mediate and facilitate dialogue, China enhances its regional influence and reinforces its image as a responsible great power.

While the immediate focus remains on solidifying the ceasefire and ensuring the return of displaced populations, China’s quiet confidence and preference for legalistic frameworks in resolving disputes may also serve its broader strategic goals of embedding itself deeper within ASEAN’s processes without appearing coercive. As the region grapples with complex border issues and the evolving dynamics of great power competition, China’s “constructive role” will be closely watched for its long-term implications for Southeast Asian security and diplomacy.